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Solar Cooking Science
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Instructions
Warning! — This set contains chemicals
that may be harmful if misused. Read cau-
tions on individual containers carefully. Not
to be used by children except under adult
supervision.
Only for use by children 8 years of age and
older. Use only under careful supervision
of adults who have familiarized themselves
with the kit’s written safety precautions.
Caution! — Read the instructions before
use, follow them, and keep them on hand
for reference.
Individual parts may have sharp points, corners,
or edges. Do not injure yourself!
Keep small children and animals away from the
experiments.
Store the kit out of the reach of small children.
Keep the packaging and instructions as they con-
tain important safety information.
First Edition © 2010 Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart, Germany
This work, including all its parts, is copyright protected. Any use outside the
specific limits of the copyright law is prohibited and punishable by law without the
consent of the publisher. This applies specifically to reproductions, translations and
microfilming and the storage and processing in electronic systems and networks.
We do not guarantee that all material in this work is free from other copyright or
other protection.
Text and concept: Uwe Wandrey; Project manager: Manfred Berrer; Graphic Design:
designstudio www.c-r-1.de
First English Edition © 2010 Thames & Kosmos, LLC, Providence, RI
® Thames & Kosmos is a registered trademark of Thames & Kosmos, LLC.
Editing: Ted McGuire; Additional Graphics and Layout: Dan Freitas
Distributed in North America by Thames & Kosmos, LLC. Providence, RI 02903
Phone: 800-587-2872; Email: support@thamesandkosmos.com
Printed in Germany / Imprimé en Allemagne
Contents
Advice for Parents and Adults
Concentration of Light Rays
1. 7 Triangular silver pieces
2. 7 Trapezoidal silver pieces
3. 1 Small cardboard part
4. 3 Wooden clips
5. 1 Cooking pot
6. 1 Rubber band
7. 2 Wooden skewers
8. 1 Instruction sheet
7
6
4
3
5
1
2
Before we start to assemble and use the solar cook-
er (also called solar collector), we will first explore
the scientific concepts behind the operation of the
solar cooker.
Catching Solar Energy
The sun is an incredibly powerful energy source. In
the sun, hydrogen atoms are combined together
into helium atoms. This process, known as nuclear
fusion, releases vast amounts of energy which are
radiated outward from the sun into space in the
form of electromagnetic energy, some of which we
can see as visible light and feel as heat.
Because of the distance between the sun and
Earth, the light rays that reach Earth are all almost
parallel to one another. To take full advantage of
these parallel light rays, you have to know how to
catch them.
Parallel rays of
light from the sun
Concentration of light
rays
passing through the lens
Magnifying
glass
Lens
Focal point
The Magnifying Glass
One way to concentrate the sun’s light and heat
radiation is to use a . With this magnifying glass
method, the rays passing through the lens are bent
toward a single point, called the . The focal point
illustration above shows how the parallel light is
focused by the lens of the magnifying glass to con-
verge at the focal point. The light and heat energy
is concentrated at the focal point. Through this con-
centration of energy, very high temperatures can
occur at the focal point. It can also get very bright
at the focal point.
The Parabolic Mirror
The direction of the sun’s rays can also be altered
with a curved mirror, so that the rays converge at
one focal point. The whole surface of the mirror
reflects the parallel light rays toward this single
point. As with the magnifying glass, it can get very
hot and very bright at the focal point. But in this
case, the focal point is right at the center of the
mirror instead of some distance below the magnify-
ing glass. Such a mirror is called a parabolic mirror
because its curved reflector is in the shape of a
parabola.
Conversely, if there was a light source (e.g. a
light bulb) at this focal point, its rays would be bent
and reflected outward in parallel. That is how the
reflectors for a flashlight and car headlights work.
These parabolic mirrors are called solar collec-
tors, and can be used as solar cookers. We will now
assemble the parts in this kit into a parabolic solar
cooker.
With a Parabolic MirrorWith a Magnifying Glass
Parallel rays of light from the sun
Parabolic mirror Focal point
With this science kit, your child can experiment with
simple materials to assemble a solar cooker that
demonstrates how the energy of the sun can be
used for heating and cooking. In the world today,
solar energy is becoming an increasingly important
energy source. Solar power plants are expected to
provide us with environmentally friendly, zero emis-
sion energy in the near future. In large solar ther-
mal power plants, solar heated air spins turbines
to generate electric power. With this solar cooker,
children can see firsthand how solar energy works
in a simple, easy to comprehend device.
It is common to have questions about the safety of
a science kit. The experimental equipment in this
kit meets US and European Safety Standards. These
standards impose obligations on the manufacturer,
such as forbidding the use of any particularly dan-
gerous chemicals. The standards also stipulate that
adults should assist their children with advice and
assistance in their experiments. Tell your child spe-
cifically that he or she must follow all the instruc-
tions when experimenting. Before the experiment,
please discuss the warnings and safety rules with
your child.
Proper assembly and use of the solar cooker
must be overseen by an adult. We hope you and
your child have a lot of fun while experimenting
with the solar cooker!
WARNING! HOT SURFACES!
The cooking pot gets very hot during operation.
You must use the wooden clip, gloves, or oven mitts
when moving or filling the cooking pot.
Caution! Sharp Points — The enclosed wooden
skewers have sharp tips. Misuse may cause personal
injury.
Caution! — Do not stare directly at the sun or at
the concentrated sunlight reflecting off of the solar
cooker.
Caution! — Do not leave the solar cooker unattend-
ed. There is a risk of fire when exposed to sunlight.
This is particularly true in the vicinity of woods or
dry grassy fields! Disassemble the cooker after each
use.
Before experimenting, gather all the necessary
parts. In addition to the parts in the kit, you will
need all-purpose glue or a glue stick.
Safety Information
Solar Cooking Science Theory
01
Assembly
Solar Cooker Assembly
You will need:
7 Triangular silver pieces
7 Trapezoidal silver pieces
1 Small cardboard part
3 Wooden clips
1 Cooking pot
1 Rubber band
2 Wooden skewers
In addition, you will need all-purpose glue or a glue
stick for the cardboard.
Assembly
We will start with the silver pieces that form the
parabolic mirror. First we will attach one triangular
silver piece to each trapezoidal silver piece. Place
the one triangular piece and one trapezoidal piece
with their white cardboard sides facing up. See
Figure 1.
Cut the rubber band at a point 25 centimeters
(about 10 inches) from one of its ends. You will now
have one short and one long piece of elastic cord.
Tie the ends of the short elastic cord together to
form an elastic ring. Repeat for the long cord to
form a larger elastic ring.
Piece together the seven silver sections, one at
a time using the tabs and slots on each piece, as
shown in Figure 4. They will fit together in the
shape of a parabola, like an umbrella. Make sure
the points of each piece fit together as shown in
Figure 5.
Stretch the elastic rings into place on the parabolic
shape. Make sure the elastic rings are securely
hooked under the tabs all the way around.
The white cardboard side is facing up.
Apply glue to the silver side of the two adhesive
flaps on the triangular piece, as shown in Figure
2. Position the flaps on the trapezoidal piece as
shown, and press the two parts firmly together.
Follow the instructions for the specific glue you are
using to be sure of the appropriate drying time.
Repeat for all 14 of the silver pieces. When they
have all been glued together, you will have seven
assembled sections. Be sure to allow enough time
for the glue to dry completely.
A) Apply adhesive here
B) Attach here
Triangular
Silver Piece
Elastic ring
Wooden clip
acts as a
handle
Fruit on a
skewer
Melted chocolate
Elastic ring
Elastic ring
Elastic ring
Elastic ring
Seven Assembled
Sections
Adhesive Flaps
Trapezoidal
Silver Piece
1
Align the pieces
2
Glue together
4
Assembly
3
Seven pieces
5
Alignment of points
6
Finished assembly
8
Finished solar cooker
9
Chocolate fondue
Cooking
pot
Cardboard
Stand
7
Cooking stand
02
Assembly
Finishing the Solar Cooker
WARNING! The cooker and cooking pot can get
very hot! Make sure you use the wooden clip as
a handle for the pot. Do not touch metal parts
with your bare hands if they have been in the
sun. Use gloves or oven mitts.
Important! After each use, you must rinse out
the cooking pot and make sure it is clean.
Do not eat food that is under-cooked or food to
which you are allergic!
Make sure that you wipe up any spills inside the
solar cooker immediately with a clean towel.
03
Experiment
Testing the Solar Cooker
Let’s put the solar cooker to work and see what
we can make! To start, you have to take the solar
cooker outside on a sunny say. The solar cooker
must be oriented towards the sun, so that the sun’s
rays come into it as straight as possible.
This solar cooker is designed so that it captures
the sun’s rays best between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. in
the summer time. If the sun is higher or lower in the
sky, you may need to use a towel or some card-
board to prop the solar cooker up so it is directly
facing the sun. Depending on your location, the
time of day, and the time of year, your solar cooker
will need to be oriented differently. You will have
to experiment to find which position works best.
Make sure you set up the cooking pot as shown
in Figure 8, on the stand made with the wooden
clips. This helps keep the pot level and in the best
position at center of the solar cooker.
04
Experiment
Solar Fondue
Now you can test out some recipes in your solar
cooker! Let’s start with a chocolate fondue recipe.
All you need to do is set up your solar cooker and
put small pieces of chocolate (e.g. chocolate chips)
into the cooking pot. When the chocolate has
melted, remove the cooking pot from the solar
cooker using the wooden clip as a handle. Then use
05
Experiment
Your Own Solar Cookbook
Experiment with cooking the following items in
your solar cooker. How long does each thing take to
cook at a particular time of the year? What factors
affect the performance of the solar cooker?
Food
Date and
Starting Time
Length of
Cook Time
Boiled Water for Tea
Toasted Bread
Heated Soup
Baked Potato
Roasted Nuts
Hard Boiled Egg
Now, you have finished building your solar cooker!
The seven sections can be taken apart and reassem-
bled easily, making your solar cooker very portable.
As you can see, your solar cooker is not a
perfectly curved parabola. The cross section is a
polygon with flat sides, instead of a curved parab-
ola. This means the sun’s rays are not reflected to
one exact point, but they are all reflected onto the
cooking pot to heat it up.
Now we will finish the solar cooker and test it. You
will need the two wooden clips, the small card-
board piece, and the cooking pot. Put these parts
together as shown in Figures 7 and 8 below.
the skewers to dip pieces of fruit into the chocolate.
Wait a few moments for the chocolate to cool on
the fruit, and then enjoy!
Real World Solar Cooking
Solar cookers like the one in this kit are used all
over the world. In developing countries and in
countries where poverty prevails, fuel and electricity
are expensive and difficult to obtain. Solar cook-
ing is used in these places because the only energy
needed is provided by the sun free of charge! Solar
cookers are also used by campers and hikers who
want to cook in remote places without power.
Solar cookers demonstrate an important clean,
renewable energy technology that is used not only
for cooking, but also for heating buildings and gen-
erating electricity.
Solar tea kettle Solar oven in Nepal
Produktspecifikationer
| Varumärke: | Thames & Kosmos |
| Kategori: | ej kategoriserat |
| Modell: | Solar Cooking Science |
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