PCE Instruments PCE-VM 25 Bruksanvisning
PCE Instruments
Mätutrustning
PCE-VM 25
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© PCE Instruments
User Manual
VIBRATION METER
PCE-VM 25
EN Version 1.0
PCE Instruments contact information
Germany France
PCE Deutschland GmbH PCE Instruments France EURL
Im Langel 4 76, Rue de la Plaine des Bouchers
D-59872 Meschede 67100 Strasbourg
Deutschland France
Tel: +49 (0) 2903 976 99 0 Téléphone: +33 (0) 972 3537 17
Fax: +49 (0) 2903 976 99 29 Numéro de fax: +33 (0) 972 3537 18
info@pce-instruments.com info@pce-france.fr
www.pce-instruments.com/deutsch www.pce-instruments.com/french
United States of America United Kingdom
PCE Americas Inc. PCE Instruments UK Ltd
711 Commerce Way suite 8 Units 12/13 Southpoint Business Park
Jupiter / Palm Beach Ensign Way, Southampton
33458 FL / USA Hampshire / United Kingdom, SO31 4RF
Tel: +1 (561) 320-9162 Tel: +44 (0) 2380 98703 0
Fax: +1 (561) 320-9176 Fax: +44 (0) 2380 98703 9
info@pce-americas.com info@pce-instruments.com
www.pce-instruments.com/us www.pce-instruments.com/english
Spain Chile
PCE Ibérica S.L. PCE Instruments Chile SPA
Calle Mayor, 53 RUT 76.423.459-6
02500 Tobarra (Albacete) Badajoz 100 ocina 1010 Las Condes
España Santiago de Chile / Chile
Tel. : +34 967 543 548 Tel. : +56 2 24053238
Fax: +34 967 543 542 Fax: +56 2 2873 3777
info@pce-iberica.es info@pce-instruments.cl
www.pce-instruments.com/espanol www.pce-instruments.com/chile
Italia The Netherlands
PCE Italia s.r.l. PCE Brookhuis B.V.
Via Pesciatina 878 / B-Interno 6 Institutenweg 15
55010 LOC. GRAGNANO 7521 PH Enschede
CAPANNORI (LUCCA) / Italia The Netherlands
Telefono: +39 0583 975 114 Telefoon: +31 (0) 900 1200 003
Fax: +39 0583 974 824 Fax: +31 53 430 36 46
info@pce-italia.it info@pcebenelux.nl
www.pce-instruments.com/italiano www.pce-instruments.com/dutch
Turkey China
PCE Teknik Cihazları Ltd.Şti. Pingce (Shenzhen) Technology Ltd.
Halkalı Merkez Mah West 5H1,5th Floor,1st Building
Ataman Sok. No.:4/4 Shenhua Industrial Park,
Türkiye Meihua Road,Futian District
Tel: 0212 471 11 47 Shenzhen City / China
Faks: 0212 705 53 93 Tel: +86 0755-32978297
info@pce-cihazlari.com.tr lko@pce-instruments.cn
www.pce-instruments.com/turkish www.pce-instruments.cn
Contents
Contents
Contents
English 4
1. Purpose .........................................................................................................................................................4
2. Function ........................................................................................................................................................4
2.1. The Vibration Sensor 4 ..................................................................................................................................
2.2. The Measuring Instrument .........................................................................................................................4
3. Measuring Ranges 5 ........................................................................................................................................
3.1. Measurable Vibration Quantities ................................................................................................................5
3.2. Vibration Acceleration.................................................................................................................................5
.3. Vibration Velocity 6 ..........................................................................................................................................
3.4. Vibration Displacement ..............................................................................................................................7
3.5. Rolling Bearing Parameters K(t) 9 ................................................................................................................
3.6. Rotational Speed 9 ........................................................................................................................................
3.7. Temperature ...............................................................................................................................................9
4. The Batteries ...............................................................................................................................................10
4.1. Inserting the Batteries 10 ..............................................................................................................................
4.2. Switching On and O ...............................................................................................................................10
4.3. Battery Display and Battery Type .............................................................................................................11
4.4. Shut-o Timer ...........................................................................................................................................11
5. Preparation of Measuring Points 12 .................................................................................................................
5.1. General Information on Measurement Point Choice 12 ................................................................................
5.2. ISO 10816-1 Recommendations 12 ..............................................................................................................
5.3. VMID Measurement Point 13 ........................................................................................................................
5.3.1. How the VMID Measurement Point Functions 13 ......................................................................................
5.3.2. Mounting the VMID Measurement Point 13 ...............................................................................................
6. Measurement 13 ..............................................................................................................................................
6.1. Measurement Value Display.....................................................................................................................13
6.2. Selecting the Display Quantity 14 .................................................................................................................
6.3. Measurement Point Detection 14 ..................................................................................................................
6.3.1. Reading the VMID Data with the PCE-VM 25 14 .......................................................................................
6.3.2. Entering the Measurement Point Text ...................................................................................................15
6.3.3. Editing and Deleting Measurement Point Data 16 .....................................................................................
6.4. Saving Measurands 16 .................................................................................................................................
6.6. Viewing Saved Measurement Values 17 .......................................................................................................
6.7. Deleting Saved Measurement Data 18 .........................................................................................................
6.8. K(t) Measurement 18 ....................................................................................................................................
6.9. Frequency Analysis ..................................................................................................................................20
6.9.1. Settings 20 .................................................................................................................................................
6.9.2. FFT Memory ..........................................................................................................................................22
6.10. Rotation Speed Measurement 22 ...............................................................................................................
6.11. Temperature Measurement ....................................................................................................................24
7. Measurement Evaluation with Standard Values 25 ..........................................................................................
8. Setting the Date and Time 27 ...........................................................................................................................
9. Calibration 27 ...................................................................................................................................................
10. Sensor Check 29 ............................................................................................................................................
11. Headphone Output 29 ....................................................................................................................................
12. Reset Key 30 ..................................................................................................................................................
13. Connection to a PC 30 ...................................................................................................................................
14. Firmware Update 30 .......................................................................................................................................
15. Specications ............................................................................................................................................32
16. Declaration of conformity 34 ..........................................................................................................................
English
EN - 4
English
1. Purpose
The PCE-VM 25 has been developed, particularly, for the measurement and monitoring of vibrations on rotating
machines. The purpose of such measurements is to monitor the condition of the machine in order to avoid
unscheduled shut-down. Furthermore vibration measurement is carried out prior to the distribution of new machinery
and subsequently to repair with a view to quality control and the issuing of product guarantees.
The basis for successful machine condition monitoring is the measurement of the vibration severity over a longer
period of time. Measurements are taken at regular intervals of time and recorded.
The PCE-VM 25 measures and records vibration acceleration, vibration velocity or vibration displacement. The
PCE-VM 25 specication complies with the ISO 2954 regulations for machines that measure vibration velocity and
is therefore suitable for measuring, among other things, machine vibrations in accordance with ISO 10816.
In addition to vibration quantities the PCE-VM 25 also measures the temperature and the rotation speed with
contactless sensors.
An external piezoelectric accelerometer is used as the sensor, and is provided together with the instrument.
The PCE-VM 25 is tted with an electronic measurement point detector (VMID) which enables it to take routine
measurements of a large number of measurement points very eectively. A software package for transferring the
measurement data to a PC is also available from PCE.
In the common hierarchy of condition monitoring the PCE-VM 25 is equivalent to ‚Level 1‘. This represents the long
term monitoring of parameters with low technical and personnel requirements.
For fault detection (‚Level 2‘), as a further step, spectral diagnostic measurements are taken, which require a large
degree of expertise and sophisticated measurement technology.
In the development of the PCE-VM 25 value was placed on simple operation and maintenance requirements, which
enable trained personnel to operate the instrument without the need of being specially qualied.
2. Function
2.1. The Vibration Sensor
The PCE-VM 25 operates with a piezo ceramic shear accelerometer. Piezoelectric vibration transducers are
characterized by high precision and resolution with great robustness. The accelerometer of the PCE-VM 25 has
an integrated electronic circuit for impedance conversion in accordance with the IEPE standard. At the base of the
sensor a magnet has been integrated for mounting to the measurement point. In the center of the magnet there is a
contact point from which the identication number can be read. The measurement point ID is saved in the available
VMID measurement points.
The coupling surface is protected by a metal cap which attaches to the sensors magnetic base.
2.2. The Measuring Instrument
4
Figure 2: Block Diagram
EN - 5
English
The Figure shows the block diagram. The PCE-VM 25 supplies the IEPE Sensor with 2 mA constant current. At
the sensor output, a vibration acceleration proportional AC voltage arises, which is amplied in the instrument
to produce an optimum level. The gain switch-over takes place automatically. The subsequent analogue/digital
converter
is a Sigma-Delta converter with 24 bit resolution.
Further signal processing, such as ltering, integration (for calculating velocity and displacement from acceleration)
as well as the RMS and peak value rectication is carried out in the micro controller. The micro controller also
controls the graphic display, the infrared thermometer, the rotation speed sensor, the USB communication and
storing of measurements.
3. Measuring Ranges
3.1. Measurable Vibration Quantities
The PCE-VM 25 can display the vibration quantities acceleration, velocity and displacement. Velocity and
displacement are generated by single or double integration of the sensor acceleration signal.
Furthermore, various frequency ranges can be selected.
The display rate adjusts itself according to the selected quantity in order to ensure that the RMS does not uctuate
even at lower frequencies. The following table shows the display rates.
Measurand Frequency Range Display Rate Sample Rate
Vibration acceleration 0,2 Hz – 10 kHz 5.6 s 23.438 kHz
Vibration acceleration 3 Hz – 1 kHz 1.4 s 2.930 kHz
Vibration acceleration 1 kHz – 10 kHz 1.4 s 23.438 kHz
Vibration velocity 2 Hz – 1 kHz 1.4 s 2.930 kHz
Vibration velocity 10 Hz – 1 kHz 1.4 s 11.719 kHz
Vibration displacement 5 Hz – 200 Hz 2.8 s 2.930 kHz
3.2. Vibration Acceleration
The PCE-VM 25 has the following frequency ranges for vibration acceleration:
• 0.2 Hz to 10 kHz: full frequency bandwidth of the accelerometer
• 3 Hz to 1 kHz: lower frequency acceleration
• 1 kHz to 10 kHz: high frequency vibration only
In this way specic signal components can be measured whilst others are attenuated. For example, when taking
measurements on machines, at a frequency of 1 kHz to 10 kHz predominantly the running noise of rolling bearings
can be monitored, whilst vibrational unbalances are attenuated.
EN - 9
English
3.5. Rolling Bearing Parameters K(t)
The rolling bearing parameter, also known as the diagnosis coefcient of Sturm K(t), is an approved parameter for
the condition analysis of rolling bearings, as dened in the VDI 3832 (and other guidelines). It is formed by the RMS
and peak value of acceleration at a frequency range of 1 to 10 kHz. The 1 kHz high pass lter ensures that the
rolling bearing signal is not overlapped by the vibration of foreign mechanical parts, such as imbalances.
The K(t) value relates the currently measured RMS and peak values to the RMS and peak values at a starting point
in time as follows:
within this:
arms(0) RMS for the start point in time (reference point in time)
apk(0) maximum value (peak value) for start / reference point
arms(t) current RMS
apk(t) current maximum value (peak value)
The start or reference measurement is subsequent to rst-time operation of the bearing. Ideally after the elapse of a
certain running-in time. At this point in time the K(t) value is 1. Following ongoing wear and tear of the machine i.e.
running dam-age, the K(t) decreases. During operation the K(t) value may also increase at a low
rate. In this way the condition of the rolling bearing can be classied:
K(t) Rolling Bearing Condition
> 1 Improvement
1 .. 0.5 Good condition
0.5 .. 0.2 Damage progressive inuences
0.2 .. 0.02 Advanced damage process
< 0.02 Damaged
Multiplication of the RMS and peak value indicates the acceleration over the course of time as well as changes
caused by shock, local damage (pitting), a general increase in mechanical vibration due to distributed damage
(worn race rings, corrosion, wear of rolling elements) or also insufcient lubrication.
The K(t) value only provides a statement about the condition of the bearing when the trends are viewed. One single
measurement does not enable a diagnostic statement to be made.
The K(t) value is strongly dependent on the rotational speed. It is therefore important to ensure that the rotational
speed is the same, when viewing trends.
3.6. Rotational Speed
Alongside vibration the PCE-VM 25 measures the rotational speed by means of an inbuilt contactless optical sensor
(Figure 34 on page 25). To enable this, the instrument needs to be aligned with the rotating part, for which a laser
pointer can be used to help with the positioning.
Notice: Please do not cover the sensor apertures on the back of the instrument with your ngers during measurement.
3.7. Temperature
The PCE-VM 25 has an inbuilt infrared thermometer for taking contactless temperature measurements (Figure 34).
EN - 19
English
Figure 27: K(t) mode with newly detected VMID
If the VMID point ID has been saved but not the K(t) start values, then this is the next step. By pressing the ▼ key
the currently measured RMS RMS(t) and peak value Peak(t) are saved as K(t) the start value RMS(0) and Peak(0)
(Figure 28).
Figure 28: Saving K(t) start values
When the sensor is newly placed on the VMID measuring point, the instrument automatically switches to the K(t)
display. It then reads the start values from the memory and calculates the K(t) value from the currently measured
RMS(t) and Peak(t) values (Figure 29).
Press the ▼ key to save the K(t) values. Press F1 to view the graphic trend display. (cf. Section 7.5)
Note: If the instrument displays OVERLOAD, it is not necessarily the result of a too high acceleration value. It can
also be due to a base value of zero, which causes a division through zero.
EN - 20
English
Figure 29: K(t)-display
To view or delete the saved K(t) start values open the menu “K(t) base memory” (Figure 30). In the sub-menu “View
K(t) base memory” you can scroll through the saved start values using the ▼▲ keys. Press F1 to delete an entry.
In the sub-menu “Erase K(t) memory” all saved K(t) start values can be deleted as a whole.
Figure 30: K(t)-base memory menu
6.9. Frequency Analysis
6.9.1. Settings
In addition to the measurement of RMS and peak values the PCE-VM 25 has a simple frequency analysis function.
To access this function, switch to the main menu by pressing F3 and select the menu option “Frequency analysis
(Figure 31).
EN - 22
English
6.9.2. FFT Memory
To view stored FFTs in the instrument open the main menu, select “Meas. data memory” and “View FFT data
memory”. The FFT data can be viewed in order of the VMID serial number or the date it was saved. Select your
preferred sorting option and press OK to conrm. After a short waiting time the rst FFT record will be displayed
(Figure 33).
Figure 33: FFT memory
Use the keys ▼▲ to load the next or the previous record in the selected order. Above the diagram you see a record
number and the total number of records in the memory. In the second line you nd a VMID text if a VMID measuring
point was used and a text entered (see section 6.3.2). If no text was entered you will see here the VMID code or
“No ID”.
To measure the spectral lines the cursor can be moved along using the ◄► keys. The red pointer below the
diagram marks the cursor position. The currently measured spectral line is highlighted red. The frequency and
amplitude are also displayed below the diagram.
Press F1 to delete the displayed spectrum from the memory. Saved Spectra can also be transferred via USB to the
PC software VM2xMDB.
6.10. Rotation Speed Measurement
The PCE-VM 25 has an inbuilt RPM laser sensor for contactless measurements. This is located in the lower part at
the back of the instrument (Figure 34).
Produktspecifikationer
| Varumärke: | PCE Instruments |
| Kategori: | Mätutrustning |
| Modell: | PCE-VM 25 |
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